Cognitive Neuroscience

       
       Cognitive Neuroscience CNS 2022

   How can we define something as complex and inherent in all human beings as cognition? Cognition can be defined as a psychological function active in the acquisition of knowledge that occurs through some processes, such as perception, attention, association, memory, reasoning, judgment, imagination, thought and language. In a simpler way, we can say that cognition is the way the brain perceives, learns, remembers and thinks about all information captured through touch, smell, sight, hearing, and taste, as well as the information that is made available by the storage of memory, that is, cognition processes the sensory information that comes from the stimuli of the environment that we are in and also processes the content that we retain in relation to our lived experiences. Knowing this, cognition is an essential target for most neuroscientific studies to date.

   In recent decades, there has been an increase in studies on human cognition, especially after the emergence of computer and computational modeling. Cognitive science is an area of interdisciplinary studies that interrelates with cognitive psychology, computer science, information systems, artificial intelligence, neurosciences, and linguistics, among others. Based on this interrelation, the research developed on human cognition has sought to apprehend the way people think, interpret and perceive the world. But how to research and study cognition? Studies on the nature and cognitive development of human beings are focused on four main theories of cognitive development: Piaget's, Vygotsky's and the information processing approach. Here in this blog, we will talk a little about each one of these theories.

          
          Behavior Social Stimulus

   For Piaget, human cognition is a form of biological adaptation in which knowledge is built little by little from the development of brain cognitive structures that are organized according to the stages of intelligence development. For Vygotsky, on the other hand, knowledge is built during interactions between individuals in society, triggering learning. Thus, a mediation process is established when two or more people cooperate in an activity, enabling re-elaboration. Information processing theory studies human intellectual capacities, analyzing the way people solve difficult mental tasks in order to build artificial models that aim to understand the processes, strategies and mental representations used by people in the performance of these tasks. In this way, all theories complement each other at some point, not canceling out.

See our hubs "Neuroscience Cognition" and "Neurocognition".

References:

https://www.cognifit.com/br/cognicao

Neves, Dulce Amélia de B. "Ciência da informação e cognição humana: uma abordagem do processamento da informação." Ciência da informação 35.1 (2006).